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DISSENT IN DEMOCRACY-RELEVANCE UNDER INDIAN JURISPRUDENCE BY - ASHUTOSH TRIPATHI

Authors : ASHUTOSH TRIPATHI
Registration ID : 106467 Published Paper ID: IJLRA6467
Year : Dec-2023 | Volume : II | Issue : 7
Approved ISSN : 2582-6433 | Country : Delhi, India
Email Id : tripathi.ashutosh429@gmail.com
Page No :19 | No of times Downloads: 0065
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BEYOND BORDERS: CLIMATE CHANGE ACTION & STATE SOVEREIGNTY BY: YARRAMSETTY GEETHANJALI

Authors : YARRAMSETTY GEETHANJALI
Registration ID : 106466 Published Paper ID: IJLRA6466
Year : Dec-2023 | Volume : II | Issue : 7
Approved ISSN : 2582-6433 | Country : Delhi, India
Email Id : geethanjali.inter@dsnlu.ac.in
Page No :16 | No of times Downloads: 0065
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TRENDS IN GROWTH AND FUNCTIONING OF POLITICAL PARTIES BY: JAIDEEP M CHAUHAN

Authors : JAIDEEP M CHAUHAN 
Registration ID : 106465 Published Paper ID: IJLRA6465
Year : Dec-2023 | Volume : II | Issue : 7
Approved ISSN : 2582-6433 | Country : Delhi, India
Email Id : jaiajay.chauhan@gmail.com
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ARE DEFAMATION LAWS A BOON OR BANE: A PANORAMIC ANALYSIS BY: AMBIKA BHARDWAJ

Authors : AMBIKA BHARDWAJ
Registration ID : 106464 Published Paper ID: IJLRA6464
Year : Dec-2023 | Volume : II | Issue : 7
Approved ISSN : 2582-6433 | Country : Delhi, India
Email Id : ambikab655@gmail.com
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ROLE OF JUDICIARY IN PROTECTING THE INTEREST OF MARGINALISED COMMUNITY IN INDIA BY - MD JIYAUDDIN

Authors : MD JIYAUDDIN
Registration ID : 106463 Published Paper ID: IJLRA6463
Year : Dec-2023 | Volume : II | Issue : 7
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Email Id : imdjiyauddin@gmail.com
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PLANTING SEEDS OF HOPE: CULTIVATING A FUTURE WHERE CHILDREN CAN BLOSSOM, FREE FROM TRAFFICKING BY - VEDHIKA GUPTA

Authors : VEDHIKA GUPTA
Registration ID : 106462 Published Paper ID: IJLRA6462
Year : Dec-2023 | Volume : II | Issue : 7
Approved ISSN : 2582-6433 | Country : Delhi, India
Email Id : guptavedhika481@gmail.com
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UNVEILING THE DISTINCTIVE DYNAMICS OF SECURITIES ARBITRATION: A COMPREHENSIVE EXPLORATION BY - YAJUR SOOD

Authors : YAJUR SOOD
Registration ID : 106461 Published Paper ID: IJLRA6461
Year : Dec-2023 | Volume : II | Issue : 7
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Email Id : advyajursood@gmail.com
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GENERATIVE ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE AND INTELLECTUAL PROPERTY RIGHTS: NAVIGATING THE NEW LANDSCAPE BY - POOJA KATEEL

Authors : POOJA KATEEL
Registration ID : 106460 Published Paper ID: IJLRA6460
Year : Dec-2023 | Volume : II | Issue : 7
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Email Id : poojakateel98@gmail.com
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NAVIGATING INTERNATIONAL PRESSURE: WOMENS RIGHTS IN SAUDI ARABIA AND AFGHANISTAN BY: ANIMESH RANJAN & JOSHUA JOSEPH

Authors : ANIMESH RANJAN & JOSHUA JOSEPH
Registration ID : 106458 Published Paper ID: IJLRA6458 & IJLRA6459
Year : Dec-2023 | Volume : II | Issue : 7
Approved ISSN : 2582-6433 | Country : Delhi, India
Email Id : 20jgls-aranjan@jgu.edu.in & Joshua Joseph
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GENDER DISCRIMINATION ON CORPORATE BOARD: A STUDY IN THE LIGHT OF MURUGAPPA CASE BY - LAKSHMY S & DR. P V NAGENDRA SARMA

Authors : LAKSHMY S & DR. P V NAGENDRA SARMA
Registration ID : 106456 Published Paper ID: IJLRA6456 & IJLRA6457
Year : Dec-2023 | Volume : II | Issue : 7
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Email Id : lekshmy90@gmail.com & 
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International journal for legal research and analysis

Abbreviation:IJLRA

ISSN:2582-6433

Website:https://www.ijlra.com/

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All research articles published INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL FOR LEGAL RESEARCH AND ANALYSIS are fully open access. i.e. immediately freely available to read, download and share. Articles are published under the terms of a Creative Commons license which permits use, distribution and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.

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The opinions expressed in this publication are those of the authors. They do not purport to reflect the opinions or views of the INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL FOR LEGAL RESEARCH AND ANALYSIS or its members. The designations employed in this publication and the presentation of material therein do not imply the expression of any opinion whatsoever on the part of the INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL FOR LEGAL RESEARCH AND ANALYSIS

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Citation 2

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IJLRA N. Raj Kumar ; Kamble Shivadayal . "Design of Fault Tolerance Parallel FFT’s Using Xilinx 14.5v" Iconic Research And Engineering Journals Volume 5 Issue 8 2022 Page 1-6
IEEE N. Raj Kumar ; Kamble Shivadayal . "Design of Fault Tolerance Parallel FFT’s Using Xilinx 14.5v" Iconic Research And Engineering Journals, 5(8)

Citation


[1] Howard, P.N., & Hussain, M.M. (2013). The Recent History of Digital Media and Dissent. Oxford University Press. doi: 10.1093/acprof:oso/9780199936953.003.0002.
[2] Hintz, A. (2017). Digital media and the politics of protest. In P. Reilly, A. Veneti, & D. Atanasova (Eds.), Politics, Protest, Emotion: Interdisciplinary Roleplay. Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.
[3] Scheuer, J. (2017). Media, Democracy, and the Left: Seeing the Bigger Picture. Dissent Magazine. Retrieved from https://www.dissentmagazine.org/article/media-democracy-and-the-left-seeing-the-bigger-picture.
[4]Cohen, J. (1998). Democracy and Liberty. In J. Elster (Ed.), Deliberative Democracy (pp. 187). Cambridge University Press.
[5] Almond, G. A., & Verba, S. (1989). The Civic Culture: Political Attitudes and Democracy in Five Nations. Sage.
[6]The Wire. (2020, October 6). Hathras Case: Malayalam Journalist Siddique Kappan Booked Under Sedition, UAPA. Retrieved from https://thewire.in/media/hathras-case-malayalam-journalist-siddique-kappan-booked-under-sedition-uapa.
[7]Gani, A. (2020, November 4). Journalist Languishes in Jail Over Facebook Posts In Manipur. Outlook Magazine. Retrieved from https://www.outlookindia.com/website/story/india-news-journalist-continues-to-be-jailed-facebook-posts-in-bjp-ruled-manipur/363615.
[8]The Week. (2020, August 18). UP: Journalist Prashant Kanojia arrested over 'tweets'. Retrieved from https://www.theweek.in/news/india/2020/08/18/up-journalist-prashant-kanojia-arrested-over-tweets.html.
[9]Das, G. (2020, July 17). Assam Journalist Arrested After Reports on Smuggling, Channel to Move HC. The Wire. Retrieved from https://thewire.in/media/assam-journalist-arrested-rajib-sarma-dy365.
[10] The Indian Express, Express News Service. (2020, November 16). HC quashes sedition FIR against Gujarat journalist. Indian Express. Retrieved from https://indianexpress.com/article/cities/ahmedabad/hc-quashes-sedition-fir-against-gujarat-journalist-7015148/.
[11]Rashid, O. (2019, September 2). Journalist who exposed salt-roti meal in school booked by UP govt. The Hindu. Retrieved from https://www.thehindu.com/news/national/other-states/journalist-who-exposed-salt-roti-meal-in-school-booked-by-up-govt/article29320560.ece.
[12] Sharma, J. P. (2020, April 28). Andaman Journalist Arrested For Asking Coronavirus-related Question On Twitter, Released On Bail. Outlook Magazine. Retrieved from https://www.outlookindia.com/website/story/india-news-andaman-journalist-arrested-over-tweet-on-coronavirus-gets-bail/351639.
[13] Vij, S. (2022, November 4). Arnab Goswami’s arrest exposes Right-wing hypocrisy on free speech and political vendetta. The Print. Retrieved from https://theprint.in/opinion/arnab-goswamis-arrest-exposes-right-wing-hypocrisy-on-free-speech-and-political-vendetta/537068/.
[14] Kedar Nath vs. State of Bihar, 1962 AIR 955.
[15] Newton, C. (2017, November 14). Freedom House says governments are increasingly using social media to manipulate elections. The Verge. Retrieved from https://www.theverge.com/2017/11/14/16646192/freedom-on-the-net-2017-freedom-house-facebook-social-media.
[16]Trembley, R. & Bonner, M.D. (2019, October 29). In India, Modi’s nationalism quashes dissent with help from the media. The Conversation. Retrieved from https://theconversation.com/in-india-modis-nationalism-quashes-dissent-with-help-from-the-media-125700.
[17] Committee to Protect Journalists. (2015b, December 14). Journalist covering sensitive rural issues in India jailed. Committee to Protect Journalists. Retrieved from https://cpj.org/2015/12/journalist-covering-sensitive-rural-issues-in-indi.php.
[18]Masani, M.R. (1979). The Importance of Free Press in a Democracy. In A.G. Noorani (Ed.), Freedom of the Press in India (pp. 69-74). Bombay: Nachiketha Publications.
[19] The National Herald. (2020, October 14). Anti-CAA protests: Persecution of peaceful dissenters must be stopped. Retrieved from https://www.nationalheraldindia.com/india/anti-caa-protests-persecution-of-peaceful-dissenters-must-be-stopped-says-mahila-ekta-yatra.
[20]Jones, A. S. (2010). Losing the news: The uncertain future of the news that feeds democracy. New York; Oxford: Oxford University Press.
[21] Zhenqui Jessie Leiu, "China is controlling social media – by allowing a bit of dissent," The Print, February 4, 2020,https://theprint.in/opinion/chinas-safety-valve-to-control-social-media-allowing-a-wee-bit-of-dissent/359216/, accessed November 2022.
[22] International Covenant on Civil and Political Rights, adopted December 16, 1966, entered into force March 23, 1976 (except art. 41, which entered into force March 28, 1979), 999 U.N.T.S. 171, reprinted in 6 ILM 368 (1967), http://treaties.un.org/doc/Publication/UNTS/Volume%20999/volume-999-I-14668-English.pdf and http://www.ohchr.org/EN/ProfessionalInterest/Pages/OPCCPR1.aspx, accessed September 1, 2022.
[23] Universal Declaration of Human Rights, adopted December 10, 1948, G.A. Res. 217A (III), 3 UN GAOR, UN Doc. A/810, p. 71 (1948), http://www.un.org/e/documents/udhr/, accessed September 30, 2020.
[24] The right to freedom of expression is protected in regional human rights treaties, such as the European Convention on Human Rights (art. 10), the African Charter on Human and Peoples’ Rights (art. 9), and the American Convention on Human Rights (art. 13), which all draw upon the Universal Declaration of Human Rights (UDHR). These treaties, as well as the court judgments that have resulted from them, demonstrate the global recognition of the rights enshrined in the UDHR and offer valuable insights into the appropriate interpretation of those rights.
[25] Romesh Thappar v. State of Madras, AIR 1950 SC 124.
[26] Indian Express v. Union of India, (1985) 1 SCC 641.
[27] Chennai Solidarity Group for Koodankulum Struggle, “Fact Finding Report on the Suppression of Democratic Dissent in Anti-Nuclear Protests by Government of Tamil Nadu,” April 2012, http://www.dianuke.org/wp-content/uploads/2012/04/Fact_Finding_Report_Sam_Rajappa_English.pdf, last accessed November 2020.
[28] Gerbner, George. "Mass Media and Dissent." Encyclopedia of Violence, Peace and Conflict, vol. 2, Temple University, 1999
[29] Maneka Gandhi vs. Union of India, 1978 AIR 597, 1978 SCR (2) 621.
[30] Supra 14
[31] Article 19(2) of the Constitution of India (1949).
[32] Ankur Narula v. Union of India, (2013) 5 SCC 1.
[33] OSCE Representative on Freedom of the Media. International Conference: Journalists under Attack: A Threat to Media Freedom, Vienna, Austria (Apr. 12, 2019), https://perma.cc/27FV-89BF.
[34] Straubhaar, J., LaRose, R., & Davenport, L. (2010). Media now: Understanding media, culture, and technology (6th ed.). Boston: Wadsworth.
[35] Shreya Singhal v. Union of India, (2015) AIR SC 1523..
[36]Shreya Singhal v. Union of India, (2015) AIR SC 1523. .
[37] Justice V, R. Krishna Iyer, Law Freedom and Change, New Delhi; affiliated East West Press Pvt.Ltd. 1975 p. 68
[38] Justice V.R. Krishna Iyer. (1975). Law, Freedom, and Change. New Delhi: Affiliated East West Press Pvt. Ltd., p. 68
[39]Ghosh, Subir. (1991). Mass Media Today. Calcutta: Unknown Publisher, p. 42.
[40]Proffitt, Jennifer. (2007). Challenges to democratic discourse: Media concentration and the marginalization of dissent. The Review of Education, Pedagogy and Cultural Studies, 29, 65-84.

Citation


[1]Michael Bolt, “The Changing Nature of Sovereignty,” E-International Relations Students (2013).
[2] Ibid.
[3] H. Steinberger, “Sovereignty,”in R. Bernhardt (ed.), Encyclopaedia of Public International Law, vol. 10 (1987), 397.
[4] Ibid.
[5] Luiz Carlos Bresser-Pereira, “Globalization, Nation-State and Catching Up” (2008) 28 Revista de Economia Política 4.
[6]Ibid.
[7] Ibid.
[8] “Goal 13: Climate Action,” UNDP, 2016, available at https://www.sdfinance.undp.org/content/sdfinance/en/home/sdg/goal-13--climate-action.html (accessed on October 2, 2023).
[9] Ibid.
[10] Francesco Femia and Caitlin E. Werrell, “Climate change, the erosion of state sovereignty, and world order,” in Epicenters of Climate and Security: The New Geostrategic Landscape of the Anthropocene, ed. Caitlin E. Werrell and Francesco Femia (The Centre for Climate Security, 2017) 11-19.
[11] Ibid.
[12] Ibid.
[13] Ibid.
[14] Ibid.
[15] Ibid.
[16] King Mswati III, “Statement by His Majesty King Mswati III Head of State of the Kingdom of Eswatini During the General Debate of 73rd Session of the United Nations General Assembly” (September 26, 2018), available at https://gadebate.un.org/sites/default/files/gastatements/73/sz_en.pdf (accessed on October 2, 2023).
[17] “Ghana - President Addresses General Debate, 74th Session - YouTube,” available at https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=glcD6npvdn8 (accessed on October 2, 203).
[18] “Seychelles - President Addresses General Debate, 74th Session - YouTube,” available at https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=sdQ5p9v_84c (accessed on October 2, 203).
[19] Supra note 1.
[20] Ibid.
[21] Ibid.
[22] Supra note 10.
[23] Ibid.
[24] Ibid.
[25] Stefanie Jansen, “International Law and the Criteria for Statehood,” available at https://arno.uvt.nl/show.cgi?fid=121942 (accessed on October 3, 2023).
[26] IMF, “The Economics of Climate,” December 2019, available at https://www.imf.org/external/pubs/ft/fandd/2019/12/pdf/fd1219.pdf (accessed on October 7, 2023).

Citation

[1] https://www.jstor.org/stable/41856599
[2]https://legalaffairs.gov.in/sites/default/files/(VI)Review%20of%20the%20Working%20of%20Political%20Parties%20specially%20in%20relation%20to%20Elections%20and%20Reform%20Options.pdf
[3]https://cse.google.com/cse?cx=015392979539865801994%3Afl61gngiqrg&q=TRENDS+IN+GROWTH+AND+FUNCTIONING+OF+POLITICAL+PARTIES&oq=TRENDS+IN+GROWTH+AND+FUNCTIONING+OF+POLITICAL+PARTIES&gs_l=partner-generic.12...21132.21132.0.22369.1.1.0.0.0.0.840.840.6-1.1.0.csems%2Cnrl%3D10...0....2.34.partner-generic..1.0.0.9W44Vg
[4] https://innovationinpolitics.eu/polis-project/blog/the-3-trends-shaping-the-political-organisation-of-the-future/
[5] https://www.orfonline.org/expert-speak/indian-democracy-and-the-changing-political-landscape/
[6] https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Political_party
[7] https://egyankosh.ac.in/bitstream/123456789/66624/1/Unit-1.pdf

Citation

[1] Mahendra Ram v. Harnandan Prasad, AIR 1958 Pat 445
[2] KD Gaur, Textbook on Indian Penal Code 1093 ( Universal Law Publishing 2016)
[3] Gundi Vishnu Prasad and another Versus The State of A.P, 2006 SCC OnLine AP 1328
[4] Dongar singh v. Krishna Kant, AIR 1958 MP 216
[5] Chaman Lal vs. State of Punjab, 1970 AIR 1372
[6] Annanda prasad vs. Manotosan Roy, AIR 1953 Cal 503
[7] INDIA CONST. art. 19
[8] Subramaniam Swamy Vs. UOI,AIR 2016 SC 2728
[9] Shreya Singhal vs UOI, (2015) 5 SCC 1
[10] Rajshree Chandra, Defamation: The Weapon of Choice to Stifle Pursuit of Justice and Free Speech, The Wire (08/09/2023) https://thewire.in/law/defamation-priya-ramani-metoo-slapp-free-speech-media

Citation

[1] Shayara Bano v. Union of India and Others (2017) 9 SCC 1.
[2] Hussainara Khatoon v. Home Secretary, the Bihar 1979 AIR 1369, 1979 SCR (3) 532.

Citation

[1] Roy S, Chaman C. Human rights and trafficking in women and children in India. J His Arch & Anthropol Sci. 2017;1(5):162-170. DOI: 10.15406/jhaas.2017.01.00027
[2] The Immoral Traffic Prevention Act, 1956
[3] Council of Europe, 17 January,2010
[4] The Constitution of India, art. 23 & 24.
[5] The Indian Penal Code, 1860
[6] The Protection Of Children From Sexual Offences Act, 2012
[8] The Juvinile Justice Act, 2000
[9] The Immoral Traffic Prevention Act, 1956
[10] The Trafficking Person Bill,2018
[11] Bhandua Mukti Morcha v. UOI 1984 3 SCC 161
[12] Laxmi Kant Pandey v. UOI 1984 2 SCC 244
[13] Prerna v. State of Maharashtra 2003 (2) Mah.L.J 105
[14] Vishal Jeet v. Union of India (1990) 3 SCC 318

Citation


[1] 482 U.S. 220.
[2]MASTER CIRCULAR ON ADMINISTRATION OF STOCK EXCHANGES, ARBITRATION IN RECOGNISED STOCK EXCHANGES AND STOCK EXCHANGE’ (Securities Exchange Board of India, 31 December 2010), https://www.sebi.gov.in/legal/master-circulars/dec-2010/master-circular-on-administration-of-stock-exchanges-arbitration-in-recognised-stock-exchanges-and-stock-exchanges-trading-platform-for-small-and-medium-enterprises-including-guidelines-for-market-ma-_14420.html (last visited Nov 26 2023).
[3] What is a Contract Note, Motilal Oswal (accessed 25 September 2023), https://www.motilaloswal.com/blog-details/what-is-a-contract-note/20247
[4] As mentioned under Regulation 3.6, National Stock Exchange (Futures & Options Segment) Trading Regulations.
[5] Viraj Holdings v. Motilal Oswal Securities Pvt. [2002 (6) BomCR 759].
[6] Jagdish Chander v. Ramesh Chander & Ors (2007) 5 SCC 719.
[7] 2007 (5) BomCR 125.
[8] id.
[9] 2005 124 CompCas 340 Cal.
[10] id.
[11] Kohinoor Creations And Ors. v. Syndicate Bank, 2005 (2) ARBLR 324 Delhi.
[12] The Stock Exchange, Mumbai v. Vinay Bubna, AIR 1999 Bom 266.
[13] 2000 (4) BomCR 273.
[14] ICSID Convention. art. 25.

[15] (2015) 3 BomCR 15.

[16] Tr.O.P.No.437 of 2007.

[17] id.
[18] ARBIT. PETITION No. 38/2020
[19]  Gauri Anand, India: 'Group Of Companies' Doctrine: An Analysis In The Context Of Arbitration
(Dec. 8, 2023, 9:29 AM) https://www.mondaq.com
[20] Newage Fincorp (India) Ltd. v. Asia Corp Securities Ltd. 2000 (4) BomCR 273.
[21] ibid.
[22] (1991) 1 SCC 533.
[23] (2007) 2 CompLJ 433 Del.

Citation


[1] Hereinafter referred to as AI
[2] Archer, P. (2021). AI inventors: can AI own intellectual property rights? [online] Raconteur. Available at: https://www.raconteur.net/technology/ai-intellectual-property-rights/. (last visited Dec. 6, 2023).
[3] Research Handbook on the Law of Artificial Intelligence (Edward Elgar, 2018) 496.
[4] Appel, G., Neelbauer, J. and Schweidel, D.A. (2023). Generative AI Has an Intellectual Property Problem. [online] Harvard Business Review. Available at: https://hbr.org/2023/04/generative-ai-has-an-intellectual-propertyproble (Last visited Dec. 4, 2023)
[5] AI throws the patent system into turmoil. [online] Available at: https://www.downtoearth.org.in/blog/science-technology/ai-throws-the-patent-system-into-turmoil-90230 (Last visited Nov. 28 2023)
[6] Copyright Act, 1957.
[7] Patent Act, 1970.
[8] Ibid.
[9] Hereinafter referred to as CDPA.
[10] The United Kingdom's Copyright, Designs and Patents Act, 1988.
[11] Irish Copyright and Related Rights Act, 2000
[12] Ibid.
[13] Lisa Vertisky, ‘Thinking Machines and Patent Law’ in Barfield et al (eds.), Research Handbook on the Law of Artificial Intelligence (Edward Elgar, 2018) 496.
[14] 1981 SCR (2) 111.
[15] Toby Bond and Sarah Blair, Artificial Intelligence & Copyright: Section 9(3) (2019) JIPLP 14(6), 423.
[16] Ibid.
[17] Wang, A. (2023). ‘Nine stitches instead of eight’: Unmasking fashion’s ‘superfakes’. [online] The Sydney Morning Herald. Available at: https://www.smh.com.au/lifestyle/fashion/nine-stitches-instead-of-eight-unmaskingfashion-s-superfakes-20230505-p5d63o.html?utm_source=pocket-newtab-intl-en (Last visited Nov. 23 2023).

Citation

[1] Akmal Dawi, Saudis, Taliban Follow Different Paths on Women's Work, Education, VOA (30th November 2023, 3:04 PM), https://www.voanews.com/a/saudis-taliban-follow-different-paths-on-women-s-work-education-/7265548.html.
[2] Huma Ahmed-Ghosh, A History of Women in Afghanistan: Lessons Learnt for the Future or Yesterdays and Tomorrow: Women in Afghanistan, 4(3) Journal of International Women's Studies, 1-14 (2003), https://vc.bridgew.edu/jiws/vol4/iss3/1.
[3] John R. Allen and Vanda Felbab-Brown, The fate of women’s rights in Afghanistan, BROOKINGS, (30th November 2023, 3:04 PM), https://www.brookings.edu/articles/the-fate-of-womens-rights-in-afghanistan/.  
[4] Sky News, https://news.sky.com/story/afghanistan-what-is-sharia-law-and-how-has-the-taliban-interpreted-it-12383974#:~:text=Taliban%20interpretation%20of%20Sharia%20law,public%20stonings%2C%20whippings%20and%20hangings (last visited November 29, 2023)
[5] World Health Organization, http://www.emro.who.int/images/stories/afghanistan/WHO_at_a_Glance_2019_Feb.pdf?ua=1 (last visited November 29, 2023).
[6] ReliefWeb, https://reliefweb.int/report/afghanistan/afghanistan-revised-humanitarian-response-plan-2023 (last visited November 29, 2023).
[7] Rajkhan, S.F. (2014) Women in Saudi Arabia status, rights, and limitations. Available at: https://digital.lib.washington.edu/researchworks/bitstream/handle/1773/25576/Rajkhan%20-%20Capstone.pdf?sequence=1 (Accessed: 01 December 2023).
[8] Supra Note 7.
[9]  Raunak Jahan, National mechanisms for gender equality and the empowerment of women, UN, (30th November 2023, 3:04 PM) https://www.un.org/womenwatch/daw/TechnicalCooperation/docs/National_Mechanisms_2008_Report.pdf.
[10] Estelle Loiseau and Keiko Nowacka, Can social media effectively include women’s voices in decision-making processes?, OECD, (30th November 2023, 3:04 PM) https://www.oecd.org/dev/development-gender/DEV_socialmedia-issuespaper-March2015.pdf.
 
[11] Shreya Kasana, Saudi Arabia’s Vision 2030: A Catalyst for Realizing Women’s Rights, THE GEOPOLITICS, (1 December 2023, 3:45 PM), https://thegeopolitics.com/saudi-arabias-vision-2030-a-catalyst-for-realizing-womens-rights/.
[12] Lawrence Potter, “Saudi Arabia in Transition.”, Great Decisions 51, 56 (2017) http://www.jstor.org/stable/44215463.
[13] UN, https://www.un.org/sustainabledevelopment/gender-equality/ (last visited Nov. 30, 2023).
[14] Al Rawaf, Haya Saad, and Cyril Simmons. “The Education of Women in Saudi Arabia.” Comparative Education, vol. 27, no. 3, Comparative Education  287, 289 (1991)http://www.jstor.org/stable/3099298.
 
[15] BBC, https://www.bbc.com/news/world-middle-east-55467414 (last visited on 1 December 2023).
[16] amnesty international, https://www.amnesty.org/en/latest/news/2023/03/saudi-arabia-personal-status-law-codifies-discrimination-against-women/ ( last visited 1 December 2023).
[17] Sky News, https://news.sky.com/story/afghanistan-what-is-sharia-law-and-how-has-the-taliban-interpreted-it-12383974#:~:text=Taliban%20interpretation%20of%20Sharia%20law,public%20stonings%2C%20whippings%20and%20hangings, (last visited Nov. 29, 2023).
[18] Supra Note 3
[19] Prisoners of conscience across the world, https://prisonersofconscience.org/about-poc/prisoners-of-conscience-across-the-world/?gclid=Cj0KCQjwm66pBhDQARIsALIR2zA150hqCIkUgtLfpZe0OgUuNTtJDry7qQIBpzJERAW4ZGV6PIhvwHQaAnqiEALw_wcB#Afghanistan-achor  (last visited Nov. 29, 2023).
[20] medicamondiale, https://medicamondiale.org/en/where-we-empower-women/afghanistan (last visited Nov. 29, 2023).
[21] The Story Exchange, https://thestoryexchange.org/afghan-women-we-are-not-fragile/?gclid=Cj0KCQjwm66pBhDQARIsALIR2zAI5CL5YRchKh2Ni8CZAwSypQArjKHuFiBqHQNVJYF0Ym6po7KYntEaApADEALw_wcB (last visited Nov. 29, 2023).
[22]Thalif Deen, Will Taliban Honour UN Treaties Signed by Afghanistan Over the Last 20 Years?, Global Issue, (1 December  2023, 3:04 PM),https://www.globalissues.org/news/2021/10/06/28984.
[23] Human Rights Watch, https://www.hrw.org/news/2021/08/18/afghanistan-taliban-rights-pledges-raise-concerns (last visited Nov. 29, 2023).
[24] AMNESTY INTERNATIONAL, https://www.amnesty.org/en/latest/news/2021/09/afghanistan-taliban-wasting-no-time-in-stamping-out-human-rights-says-new-briefing/ ( last visited 1 December 2023).
[25] Abc, https://www.abc.net.au/news/2022-12-26/afghan-ngos-halt-work/101808516 (last visited 1 December 2023).
[26]  Rachel George, Opinion – Why Women’s Rights in the Gulf Matter for Afghanistan, E-International Relations (1 December  2023, 3:04 PM),https://www.e-ir.info/2021/11/21/opinion-why-womens-rights-in-the-gulf-matter-for-afghanistan/.
[27] Supra Note 18.

Citation

[1]Lakshmy S (Phd Rsesearch Scholar, School of Law,  HITS, Chennai)
[2] Prof. Dr. P V Nagendra Sarma (Professor and Dean, School of Law, HITS, Chennai)
[3] Priyavrata Mafatlal, Family Businesses- Leading the “Make in India’ Movement, The Times of India,( Oct.1, 2023, 10 AM), https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/blogs/voices/family-businesses-leading-the-make-in-india-movement
[4] Section 241, The Companies Act, 2013
[5] The Companies Act, 2013. ACT NO. 18 OF 2013.
[6] Ibid
[7] The Economic Times, https://economictimes.indiatimes.com/news/company/corporate-trends/murugappa-group-family-rift-eldest-daughter-threatens-to-take-legal-recourse/articleshow/73179096.cms (Nov 12, 2023)
[8] Section 6, Hindu Succession Act, 1956
[9] T E Narasimhan, Succession saga at Murugappa group gets murkier, Rediff.com, (10 Nov, 2023, 10 AM), https://www.rediff.com/money/report/succession-saga-at-murugappa-group-gets-murkier---/20210311.htm
[10] National Company Law Tribunal
[11] The Hindu Business Line, https://www.thehindubusinessline.com/companies/valli-arunachalams-battle-for-board-space-ends-as-murugappa-family-settles-disputes/article67216166.ece (Nov.13, 10 PM)
[12] Priyanka Gawande, out of court deal ends Murugappa family feud, Mint, https://www.livemint.com/companies/news/outofcourt-deal-ends-murugappa-family-feud-11692554418218.html
[13] Ibid
[14]Woman Director and Independent Director under Company Law Regime, Mayashree Acharya, https://cleartax.in/s/woman-director-and-independent-director-company-law-regime (Nov 28, 11 AM)
[15] The Companies Act 2013
[16] Ibid
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