INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL FOR LEGAL RESEARCH AND ANALYSIS

THE VEXATIOUS CRUELTY BY – JUHI MISHRA

Authors: JUHI MISHRA

Registration ID: 105736 Published Paper ID: IJLRA5736

Year : June -2023 | Volume: II | Issue: 7

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DOMESTIC VIOLENCE AGAINST MEN IN INDIA BY - GURKIRAT SINGH

Authors: GURKIRAT SINGH

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EXTRADITION UNDER INTERNATIONAL LAW: AN OVERVIEW OF BASIC PRINCIPLES, APPLICATIONS, AND CHALLENGES IN EXTRADITION LAW BY - SRILAKSHMI KARAMPUDI

Authors: SRILAKSHMI KARAMPUDI

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THE APPLICATION OF “THE INDIAN EVIDENCE ACT, 1872” IN TRIBUNAL PROCEEDINGS BY - HRISHI KAPADIA

Authors: HRISHI KAPADIA

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A CRITICAL ANALYSIS OF PUBLIC SERVICE DELIVERY IN INDIA WITH REFERENCE TO PUBLIC SERVICE GUARANTEE LAWS BY - MS. DIWANSHI ROHATGI, MR. KESHAV MADHAV , MR. KUMAR ANUBHAW & MR. ROHIT KUMAR

Authors: MS. DIWANSHI ROHATGI, MR. KESHAV MADHAV , MR. KUMAR ANUBHAW & MR. ROHIT KUMAR

Registration ID: 105729 Published Paper ID: IJLRA5729, IJLRA5730, IJLRA5731 & IJLRA5732

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JURISDICTION AS A DEFENCE BY – ISHIKA JAIN

Authors: ISHIKA JAIN

Registration ID: 105728 Published Paper ID: IJLRA5728

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“TRAVAIL TRAITS OF TRANSGENDERISM IN EMPLOYMENT SECTOR” BY: PARVATHY V & GAYATHRI C.H

Authors: PARVATHY V & GAYATHRI C.H

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FOREIGN TRADE (DEVELOPMENT & REGULATION) ACT ,1992 - A COMPARATIVE ANALYSIS BY - TANNU SHARMA & TANISHA ARORA

Authors: TANNU SHARMA & TANISHA ARORA

Registration ID: 105719 Published Paper ID: IJLRA5719 & IJLRA5720

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BANKING FRAUDS IN INDIA BY - ADV. ANKITA RAVINDRA SANCHETI

Authors: TANVI GOYAL

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ANALYSIS OF CAPITAL PUNISHMENT FROM HUMAN RIGHTS PERSPECTIVE BY - MAYANK GUPTA

Authors: MAYANK GUPTA

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International journal for legal research and analysis

Abbreviation:IJLRA

ISSN:2582-6433

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[1] Research Scholar, School of Law, Justice and Governance, Gautam Buddha University, Greater Noida

[2] Henry R. Van Til, The Calvinistic Concept of Culture

[3] Maneka Gandhi vs. Union Of India, A.I.R 1978 S.C. 597

[4] K.S.Puttaswamy v. Union of India, (2017) 10 S.C.C. 1, Para 108

[6] UNITED NATIONS, https://www.un.org/sg/en/content/sg/statement/2017-10-24/secretary-generals-message-united-nations-day (last visited on Sept. 19, 2022)

[7] K.S.Puttaswamy v. Union of India, (2017) 10 S.C.C. 1, para 42

[8] Pawan Kumar vs. State of H.P.,(2017) 7 S.C.C. 780, para 48

[9] THEINDIAN EXPRESS, https://indianexpress.com/article/india/crime-against-women-rose-by-15-3-in-2021-ncrb-8119739/ (last visited on Nov.19 2022)

[10] https://ncrb.gov.in/sites/default/files (last visited Nov.22, 2022)

[11]Shivcharan Lal Verma and others vs. State of Madhya Pradesh, (2007) 15 S.C.C. 369

[12] Reema Aggarwal vs.. Anupam Appeal (crl.) 25 of 2004

[13] Unikrishnan vs. State of Kerala (2018) CrLJ 265 (Ker)

[14] D. Tolstoy', The Law and Practice of Divorce and Matrimonial Causes 61 (6^th ed. 1967).

[15] Samar Ghosh vs Jaya Ghosh Appeal, (2007) 4 S.C.C. 511

[16] Ravi Kumar vs. Zulmi Devi (2010), 4 S.C.C. 476

[17] Manisha Tyagi vs. Deepak Kumar, A.I.R 2010 S.C. 1042

[18] Gurbachan Singh vs. Satpal Singh, A.I.R. 1980 S.C. 209

[19] Maran Nama v. State of Tripura (2010), 90 A.I.C. 833 (Gau)

[20] THE PROTECTION OF WOMEN FROM DOMESTIC VIOLENCE ACT, 2005, No. 43, Acts of Parliament,2005 (India)

[21] Sushil Kumar Sharma v. Union of India and others, (2005) 6 S.C.C. 281

[22] Arnesh Kumar vs. State Of Bihar & Anr., (2014) 8 S.C.C. 273

[23] Preeti Gupta & Anr vs. State of Jharkhand & Anr., A.I.R 2010 S.C. 3363

[28] Rajesh Sharma vs. State of Uttar Pradesh [Criminal Appeal No.1265 of 2017]

[1] 3^rd Year BBA LLB (Hons.) at MIT WPU School of Law, Pune

[2] “The Recovery Of Debts And Bankruptcy Act, 1993”, S.3

[3] “The Recovery Of Debts And Bankruptcy Act, 1993”, S.17(1)

[4] “The Insolvency and Bankruptcy Code, 2016”, S.179(1)

[5] “The Insolvency and Bankruptcy Code, 2016”, S.179(2)

[6] “The Recovery Of Debts And Bankruptcy Act, 1993”, S.22(1)

[7] “The Recovery Of Debts And Bankruptcy Act, 1993”, S.22(2)

[8] “The Recovery Of Debts And Bankruptcy Act, 1993”, S.22(2)(a)

[9] “The Recovery Of Debts And Bankruptcy Act, 1993”, S.22(2)(b)

[10] “The Recovery Of Debts And Bankruptcy Act, 1993”, S.22(2)(d)

[11] “The Recovery Of Debts And Bankruptcy Act, 1993”, S.22(2)(c)

[13] “The Debt Recovery Tribunal (Procedure) Rules, 1993”, R.9(1)(ii)

[18] “The Indian Evidence Act, 1872”, S.65(a)

[19] “The Indian Evidence Act, 1872”, S.65(c)

[20] “The Recovery Of Debts And Bankruptcy Act, 1993”, S.19(4)(ii)

[21] “The Recovery Of Debts And Bankruptcy Act, 1993”, S.19(5)(i)

[24] “The Recovery Of Debts And Bankruptcy Act, 1993”, S.19(10A)

[25] “The Recovery Of Debts And Bankruptcy Act, 1993”, S.19(5A)

[27] “The Recovery Of Debts And Bankruptcy Act, 1993”, S.22(2)(d)

[29] “The Recovery Of Debts And Bankruptcy Act, 1993”, S.19(6)

[30] “Supra Note” 15; “Supra Note” 16; “Supra Note” 17

[31] “The Recovery Of Debts And Bankruptcy Act, 1993”, S.20(6)

[32] “Saikat Das, ‘Rajiv Takru asks the Debt Recovery Tribunal to make process of loan recovery more swift’, (Economic Times, 24 October 2013), https://economictimes.indiatimes.com/news/economy/finance/rajiv-takru-asks-drt-to-make-process-of-loan-recovery-more-swift/articleshow/24659191.cms?from=mdr, accessed 6 April 2023”

[33] “Gaurav Vivek Bhatnagar, ‘Why Does it Take So Long to Resolve Debt Recovery Cases in India?’, (The Wire, 21 November 2016), https://thewire.in/economy/debt-recovery-npa-insolvency, accessed 6 April 2023”

[43] “The Insolvency and Bankruptcy Code, 2016”, S.60

[44] “The Companies Act, 2013”, S.424(1); “The National Company Law Tribunal” Rules, 2016, R.51

[51] Ibid; “The Indian Penal Code, 1860”, S.196

[54] “Supra Note” 50; “The Code of Criminal Procedure, 1973”, S.195

[57] “The Indian Penal Code, 1860”, S.183; S.184; S.186; S.188

[59] “The Indian Penal Code, 1860”, S.172; S.173; S.176; S.178; S.179; S.180; S.182; S.184; S.187

[61] “The National Company Law Tribunal” Rules, 2016, R.2(9)(a); R.2(10)

[63] “Forms under “The Companies Act, 2013”’, (Cleartax, 12 October 2021) https://cleartax.in/s/forms-companies-act-2013, accessed 6 April 2023”

[64] “The National Company Law Tribunal” Rules, 2016, R.39(1)

[65] “The National Company Law Tribunal” Rules, 2016, R.39(2)

[68] “The National Company Law Tribunal” Rules, 2016, R.40(1)

[70] “The National Company Law Tribunal” Rules, 2016, R.40(4)

[72] “The National Company Law Tribunal” Rules, 2016, R.43(1)

[73] “The National Company Law Tribunal” Rules, 2016, R.43(2)

[78] “The National Company Law Tribunal” Rules, 2016, R.43(3)

[79] “The National Company Law Tribunal” Rules, 2016, R.52(1)

[81] “The National Company Law Tribunal” Rules, 2016, R.135

[83] “The National Company Law Tribunal – Benches (https://nclt.gov.in/national-company-law-tribunal-benches) accessed 11 April 2023.”

[84] “Salil Panchal, ‘Five years of “The National Company Law Tribunal”: The bad loan recovery tool is painfully slow, but still India's best bet’, (Forbes India, 12 July 2021), https://www.forbesindia.com/article/take-one-big-story-of-the-day/five-years-of-nclt-the-bad-loan-recovery-tool-is-painfully-slow-but-still-indias-best-bet/69075/1, accessed 11 April 2023”

[85] ‘“The National Company Law Tribunal has disposed of 62,000 cases out of about 83,000 filed: Official’, (Business Standard, 27 March 2022), https://www.business-standard.com/article/current-affairs/nclt-has-disposed-of-62-000-cases-out-of-about-83-000-filed-official-122032700022_1.html, accessed 11 April 2023”

[86] “The National Green Tribunal Act, 2010”, S.3

[87] “The National Green Tribunal Act, 2010”, S.14(1)

[88] “The National Green Tribunal Act, 2010”, Schedule I, Entry 1

[89] “The National Green Tribunal Act, 2010”, Schedule I, Entry 3

[90] “The National Green Tribunal Act, 2010”, Schedule I, Entry 4

[91] “The National Green Tribunal Act, 2010”, S.19(2)

[92] “The National Green Tribunal Act, 2010”, S.19(1)

[93] “The National Green Tribunal Act, 2010”, S.19(3)

[95] “The National Green Tribunal Act, 2010”, S.19(4)

[96] “The National Green Tribunal Act, 2010”, S.19(4)(a)

[97] “The National Green Tribunal Act, 2010”, S.19(4)(b)

[98] “The National Green Tribunal Act, 2010”, S.19(4)(c)

[99] “The National Green Tribunal Act, 2010”, S.19(4)(d); “The Indian Evidence Act, 1872”, S.123; “The Indian Evidence Act, 1872”, S.124

[100] “The National Green Tribunal Act, 2010”, S.19(5); “The Indian Penal Code, 1860”, S.193; “The Indian Penal Code, 1860”, S.196; “The Indian Penal Code, 1860”, S.219

[101] “The National Green Tribunal Act, 2010”, S.19(5); “The Indian Penal Code, 1860”, S.228

[102] The National Green Tribunal (Practices and Procedures) Rules, 2011, R.13(5)(b)

[103] “The Indian Evidence Act, 1872”, S.62; “The Indian Evidence Act, 1872”, S.63

[104] “The National Green Tribunal – Methodology (https://www.greentribunal.gov.in/methodology-ngt) accessed 12 April 2023”

[105] “The National Green Tribunal – E – Filing (https://ngtonline.nic.in/efiling/mainPage.drt) accessed 12 April 2023”

[107] “Praveen Bhargav, ‘Everything you need to know about the National Green Tribunal (The National Green Tribunal)’ ,(Conservation India, 2 May 2011), https://www.conservationindia.org/resources/ngt#:~:text=Yes.,guidelines%20related%20to%20dress%20apply., accessed 12 April 2023”

[114] “The National Green Tribunal Act, 2010”, S.20

[115] “The National Green Tribunal – Zonal Benches (https://greentribunal.gov.in/zonal-benches) accessed 12 April 2023”

[116] “The National Green Tribunal – Home - Grand Total Of Institution, Disposal And Pendency Of The Cases Of NGT Principal Bench And All Zonal Benches From The Date Of Its Inception Till 28.02.2023 (https://www.greentribunal.gov.in/) accessed 12 April 2023”

[117] “The National Green Tribunal Act, 2010”, S.18(3)

[1]PUBLIC SERVICE GUARANTEE ACT, CITIZEN’S CHARTER, RIGHT TO INFORMATION, CORPORATE SOCIAL RESPONSIBILITY, available at: https://egyankosh.ac.in/bitstream/123456789/67146/1/Unit-15.pdf (visited on May 28, 2023)

[3] Afeez Kolawole Shittu, “Public Service and Service Delivery” (2020).

[4] Swagata Raha, “State Legislation on Right to Time-Bound Delivery of Service: An Overview” (2012).

[5] Manish Garg, “Right to Service Acts in India— Fundamental Governance Reforms or an Exercise in Political Rhetoric?: A Case Study of Delhi Administration” 63 Indian Journal of Public Administration (2017).

[8] Urvashi Pareek and Nagendra Ambedkar Sole, “A Comparative Study of Various States Public Service Guarantee Acts in India” (2019).

[9] CITIZEN AND ADMINISTRATION INTERFACE-I-PUBLIC SERVICE DELIVERY AND REDRESSAL OF PUBLIC GRIEVANCES, available at: https://egyankosh.ac.in/bitstream/123456789/76666/1/Unit-7.pdf (Visited on June 9, 2023)

[1] Abdul Waheed Khan v. Bhawani, AIR I966 SC 1718 at p. 1719: (1966) 3 SCR 617; Brij Rai Singh v. Laxman Singh, AIR 1961 SC 149 at p. 152: (1961) I SCR 6I6; Most Rev. P.M.A. Metropolitan v. Moran Mar Marthoma, 1995 Supp (4) SCC 286 at p. 318.

[2] Ganga Bai v. Vijay Kumar, (1974) 2 SCC 393 at p. 397; Most Rev. P.M.A. Metropolitan v. Moran Mar Marthoma, 1995 Supp (4) SCC 286 at p. 318.

[3] Concise Oxford English Dictionary (2002) at p. 768; P.R. Aiyar, Advanced Law Lexicon (2005) Vol. III at pp. 2527-30; Justice C.K. Thakker, Encyclopaedic Law Lexicon (2009) Vol.I at pp. 2500-04.

[4] Official Trustee v. Sachindra Nath, AIR I969 SC 823 at p. 827: (1969) 3 SCR 92; Ujjam Bai v. State of U.P., AIR 1962 SC 1621 at p. 1629: (1963) I SCR 778; Raja Soap Factory v. S.P. Shantharai, AIR 1965 SC 1449: (1965) 2 SCR 800.

[5] Raja Soap Factory v. S.P. Shantharaj, AIR 1965 SC 1449: (1965) 2 SCR 800.

[6] Concise Oxford Dictionary (I990) at p. 206; see also, S.A.L. Narayan v. Ishwarlal, AIR I965 SC I8I8 at p. I823: (I966) I SCR I90; Ramesh v. Gendalal Motilal Patni, AIR 1966 SC 1445: (1966) 3 SCR 198; Arbind Kumar v. Nand Kishore, AIR 1968 SC 1227: (I968) 3 SCR 322.

[7] Most Rev. P.M.A. Metropolitan v. Moran Mar Marthoma, 1995 Supp (4) SCC 286 at pp. 3I8-19.

[9] Sinha Ramanuja V. Ranga Ramanuja, AIR 1961 SC 1720: (1962) 2 SCR 509. SO. 1995 Supp (4) SCC 286: AIR 1995 SC 2001.

[10] Ibid, at pp. 318-19 (SCC): at PP. 2022-23 (AIR).

[11] Sinha Ramanuja v. Ranga Ramanuja, AIR I96I SC 1720 at p. 1724: (1962) 2 SCR

[12] Harshad Chiman Lal Modi v. DLF Universal Ltd. and Anr., reported in AIR 2005 SC 4446

[15] Supra, n. 60; see also, Indian Airlines Corpn. v. Sukhdeo Rat, (1971) 2 SCC 192; Sideren, Pigment Cakes & Chemicals Mfg. Co., (1979) 4 SCC 12; Mulla, Code of Civil Proceden (2007), Vol. 1 at pp. 136-38.

[16] Ramkanya Bai v. Jagdish, (2011) 7 SCC 452: (2011) 3 SCC (Civ) 736

[17] Chief Engineer Hydel Project v. Ravinder Nath, reported in AIR 2008 SC 1315,

[19] Ramesh B. Desai v. Bipin Vadilal Mehta (AIR 2006 SC 3672)

[21] Ramesh B. Desai v. Bipin Vadilal Mehta (AIR 2006 SC 3672)

[23] Ehors adminissrassien, se, Authors Lectures on Adminstratie dan, (soz) Lecture 7; Authors Administrative Law (2012) Chap. 8.

[24] Vaish Aggarwal Panchayat v. Inder Kumar (AIR 2015 SC 3357),

[25] Vithalbhai Pvt. Ltd. v. Union of India AIR 2005 SC 1891

[27] Samar Singh v. Kedar Nath, AIR 1987 SC 1929: 1987 Supp. SCC 663

[28] Analysis drawn from, Samar Singh v. Kedar Nath, AIR 1987 SC 1929: 1987 Supp. SCC 663

[29] Fatehji & Company v. L.M. Nagpal AIR 2015 SC 2301

[35] Major S.S. Khanna v. Brig. F.J. Dillon, AIR 1964 SC 497

[37] Annamanaidu, (I974) 1 SCC 567 at pp. 578-79; Gurbax Singh v. Financial Commr., 1991 Supp (1) SCC 167 at p. 175

[38] Ramkanya Bai v. Jagdish, (2011) 7 SCC 452: (2011) 3 SCC (Civ) 736; Bhanwar Lal v. Rajasthan Board of Muslim Wakt, (2014) 16 SCC sI: (2015) 3 SCC (Civ) 432; Vimal Kishor Shah v. Jayesh Dinesh Shah, (2016) 8 SCC 788: (2016) 4 SCC (Civ) 303.

[39] Firm Seth Radha Kishan v. Administrator, Municipal Committee, Ludhiana, AIR 1963 SC 1547: (I964) 2 SCR 273 Ittyavira Mathai Mathai v. Varkey Varkey, AIR I964 SC 907: (1964) I SCR 495

[40] Dhulabhai, etc. v. State of Madhya Pradesh and others reported in A.I.R. 1969 S.C. 78

[42] Ail a Pr se se. For detalia discustion, Be carlo, State of W. B. v. Dand Mantosh, 12 SCC 543. Ehors adminissrassien, se, Authors Lectures on Adminstratie dan, (soz) Lecture 7; Authors Administrative Law (2012) Chap. 8

[43] Sinha Ramanuja v. Ranga Ramanuja, AIR 196I SC 1720: (I962) 2 SCR 509

[44] Jabalpur Corp, (7977) 2 SCC 472; South Delhi Municipal Corp. v. Today Home infrastructure (P) Ltd., (2020)

[45] Dhulabhai v. State of M. P., AIR I969 SC 78: (1968) 3 SCR 662

[46] Dhulabhai v. State of M. P., AIR I969 SC 78: (1968) 3 SCR 662

[47] Abdul Gafur v. State of Uttarakhand 2008 (10) SCC 97

[48] Abdul Gafur v. State of Uttarakhand 2008 (10) SCC 97

[49] Abdul Gafur v. State of Uttarakhand 2008 (10) SCC 97

[1] Gosvami Prasad Shastri (ed), The Kamasutra ,1929, (The Chowkhamba Sanskrit Series Office, Vidya Vilas Press Benaras, 1929).

[2] Susan Stryker, “The Transgender Issue: An Introduction,” 2, GLQ: A Journal of Lesbian and Gay Studies, 149, (1998).

[3] Transgender Persons (protection of Rights) Act, 2019, Section 3.

[4] Sushma and Seema Agarwal v. Commr of Police, W.P. NO. 7284 OF 2021MAD HC.

[5] Indian constitution, Articles 16,19, 23, 24

[6] Indian constitution, Articles 39, 41, 42, 43, 43A, 54

[7] National Legal Services Authority v. Union of India and others, (2014) 5 SCC 438

[8] Navtej Singh Johar v Union of India, AIR 2018 SC 4321.

[9] Michelle Dietert & Dianne Dentice, Gender Identity Issue and Workplace Discrimination: The Transgender Experience”, 14, Journal of Workplace Rights,123, 2009.

[10] Sibi K I, “Major Concerns of Transgender Employees in Kochi Metro Train Service Work Environment”, 4, Journal of Emerging Technologies and Innovative Research, 717, 2017.

[11] Harry, A south African Private Piolet License holder, was accepted into Rajiv Gandhi Academy for Aviation Technology in Thiruvananthapuram under the Welfare Program for Transgender by Government of Kerala

[12] Madhu Damodaran Animy Singh, Transgender Persons &Labour Laws, https://www.simpliance.in/blog/transgender-persons-and-labour-law/, last visited (May 2, 2023)

[13] Ilona M. Turner, “Sex Stereotyping Per Se: Transgender Employees and Title VII”, 95, California Law Review, 563,2007.

[14] Voyles v. Ralph Davies Medical Centre, 403 F. Supe , 403 F. Supp. 456 (1975).

[15] Title VII of the Civil Rights Act 1964 prohibits employment discrimination based on based on race, color, religion, sex (including pregnancy, sexual orientation, and gender identity), or religion.

[16] Bostock v. Clayton Country, 2020 WL 314668¹⁶Richards v. U.S. Tennis Association, 400 N.Y.S. 2d 267 (1977)

[17] Kusum, “Legal Implications of Sex Change Surgery”, 25, JILI Institute, 86, 1983.

[18] Navtej Singh Johar v Union of India, A.I.R. 2018 SC 4321.

[19] National Legal Services Authority v. Union of India and others, (2014) 5 SCC 438

[21] National Legal Services Authority v. Union of India, A.I.R 2014 SC 1863

[22] Navtej Singh Johar v. Union of India, A.I.R 2018 SC 4321

[23] Transgender Persons (protection of Rights) Act, 2019, Section 15 (b)

[24] Transgender Persons (protection of Rights) Act, 2019, Section 15 (g)

[25] Ananya Kumari is a transgender candidate to contest in the State Assembly election, who committed suicide due to the distresses of her Sex Reassignment Surgery done at Private hospital in Kerala.

[26] Kabeer C Alias Aneera Kabeer vs. State of Kerala, WP(C). NO.9890 OF 2020(S), The Kerala High Court took up a PIL moved for the welfare of the transgender community amid the COVID-19 lockdown, which has raised concern that transgender persons are being excluded in the provision of rations during the lockdown.

[27] Sakshi Parashar, “INCLUSION OF TRANSGENDER COMMUNITY WITHIN SOCIALLY AND EDUCATIONALLY BACKWARD CLASSES: EXAMINING THE DEEPER CONCERNS”, 2, JILI, 118, 2017.

[28] Ministry of Social Justice and Welfare,” Transgender Persons (Protection of Rights) Bill, 2016”, available at https://www.prsindia.org/billtrack/transgender-persons-protection-rights-bill-2016 , last accessed on (May 2, 20223)

[29] Navtej Singh Johar v Union of India, AIR 2018 SC 4321.

[30] Dr. Shannu Narayanan, “Envisaging Inclusiveness through Transgender Persons Rights Law in India”, 4,

IJLMH, 410, 2021

[31] National Legal Services Authority v. Union of India and others, (2014) 5 SCC 438

[32] Transgender Persons (protection of Rights) Act, 2019, sec 4.

[33] Transgender Persons (protection of Rights) Act, 2019, sec 5.

[34] Transgender Persons (protection of Rights) Act, 2019, sec 6.

[35] CHRISTNA LOBO V. THE STATE OF KARNATAKA, WRIT PETITION NO:8024 OF

2020

[36] Transgender Persons (protection of Rights) Act, 2019, Section 3 (b), (c)

[37] DR. SHANNU NARAYAN, Envisaging Inclusiveness through Transgender’s Persons Rights Law in India, 4, IJLMH, 413, 2021.

[38] R Mitra and V Doctor, “Passing in Corporate India: Problematizing Disclosure of Homosexuality at the Workplace”, 321, Springer International Publications, 2016)

[40]Former Chief Justice N.V. Ramana while delivering a speech at Desai Memorial Lecture.

[1] TANNU SHARMA 3^rd Year, B.A.LL. B, Delhi Metropolitan Education, GGISPU, New Delhi (Email ID- Tannusharma2266@gmail.Com).

TANISHA ARORA 3rd Year, B.A.LL. B, Delhi Metropolitan Education, GGISPU, New Delhi (Email ID – Tanishaarora981@gmail.Com).

[2] The Directorate General of Foreign Trade (DGFT) is the agency of the Ministry of Commerce and Industry of the Government of India responsible for administering laws regarding foreign trade.

[3] Foreign Trade Policy is a set of guidelines and instructions established by the DGFT in matters related to the import and export of goods in India.

[4] SCOMET item is an acronym for Special Chemicals, Organisms, Materials, Equipment, and Technologies, and these are dual-use items that can be used for both civilian and military applications.

[1] See, the statutory definition of “banking’ under the Banking Regulation Act, 1949, Section 5 (b).

[2] See, The Contract Act, 1872, Section 17. Define Fraud

[4] The Indian Penal Code, 1860, See Section. 378.

[5] he Indian Penal Code, 1860, Section 390; for more details. See infra Chapter IV Of the study.

[6] The Negotiable Instruments Act, 1881, Section 10 provides that ‘paymet in due Course’ means payment in accordance with the apparent tenor of the instrument In good faith and without negligence to any person in possession thereof under Circumstances which do not afford a reasonable ground for believing that he is Not entitled to received payment of the amount there in mentioned.

[7] Sanjeev Sharma, “Banks Face Growing Pressure to Clean Up their NPAs”, The tribune, April, 2013: sidhartha, “Banks Prefer Settling Dues to Recovery”, The Times of India, March 23, 2013: anshul Dhamija, “Banks Test Personal Guarantees”, The Times of India, April 6, 2013.

[9] “Beware Loan Defaulters! Banks to Publish Photos in Newspapers”, The Tribune, March 11, 2013; “PS Banks Asked to Take Steps to Recover Loans”, Stalled Projects Cause of Concern, Says Finance Minister”, The Tribune, March 19, 2013.

[10] For more details See; The Negotiable Instruments Act, 1881, Section 4.

[13] PrafuUa Marpakwar, “Cyber Fraud Costs Banks Rs. 130 Crore in 3 Years”, The Times of India, February 28, 2013.

[14] R. N. Chaudhary, Banking Laws, 10-1 l(Central Law Publication, Allahabad, 1^ST edition 2009).

[15] This Act has made various provisions to control money-laundering and Government initiatives have set up the Financial Intelligence Unit (FIU) to trace any financial transaction up to one Crore rupees in a month or cash transactions upto ten lakh rupees in a month.

[16] “Laundering Charge stings three top banks”, The Times of India, March 15, 2013

[17] In case of a Civil Wrong, the injured party i.e. the plaintiff brings the suit again the wrongdoer i.e. the defendant for the main remedy namely damages.

[18] In case of Criminal Wrong, the State initiates the action against the accused for punishing him. The injured party i.e. the victim however does not get any compensation.

[19] Criminal Law is that part of the law which deals with the definition, and punishment of crime and with accused of crime; that branch or division of law which defines crimes, treats of their nature, and provides for their punishment their nature, and provides for their punishment.

[20] Id., Sections 23, 24, 25, 28, 29, 29A, 30

[22] Id., Sections 378, 383, 390, 391, 405, 415, 463.

[24] Quoted by V. Krishnamchari et al, (Rev. and Enlarged), T.S. Venkatesa Iyer’s The Law of Contracts & Tenders, Vol. 1, 3 {S. Gogia & Company, Hyderabad, 6^th edn., 1994).

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