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IJLRA LAW REVIEW ISBN - 978-81-948082-8-2

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GDPR: THE NEED OF THE HOUR BY - MANISH K. SALIAN

Authors: MANISH K. SALIAN
Registration ID: 105836 Published Paper ID: IJLRA5836
Year : July -2023 | Volume: II | Issue: 7
Approved ISSN : 2582-6433 | Country : Delhi, India 
Email Id: salianmay1987@gmail.com
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PRIVATE OR HOME RECORDING OF MUSICAL WORKS: COPYRIGHT ISSUE BY: - ARNAV SHARMA & SAUMYA GOEL

Authors: ARNAV SHARMA & SAUMYA GOEL 
Registration ID: 105834 Published Paper ID: IJLRA5834 & IJLRA5835
Year : July -2023 | Volume: II | Issue: 7
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THE CASE FOR SEBI S RECOGNITION OF CRYPTO-INVESTMENTS AS SECURITIES: A COMPREHENSIVE RESEARCH STUDY BY - KESHAV SINGH RATHORE

Authors: KESHAV SINGH RATHORE
Registration ID: 105833 Published Paper ID: IJLRA5833
Year : July -2023 | Volume: II | Issue: 7
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DOCTRINE OF LIS PENDENS: AN AID OR A HINDRANCE IN PENDING SUITS? BY - MEDHA HEBBAR

Authors: MEDHA HEBBAR  
Registration ID: 105832 Published Paper ID: IJLRA5832
Year : July -2023 | Volume: II | Issue: 7
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LEGISLATIVE ANALYSIS OF THE DRUGS AND COSMETICS ACT, 1940 BY - TANYA KUKADE & DR. VIVEK NEMANE

Authors: TANYA KUKADE & DR. VIVEK NEMANE
Registration ID: 105830 Published Paper ID: IJLRA5830 & IJLRA581
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THE JUDICIARY ROLE IN SHAPING CONSTITUTIONAL MORALITY AND PUBLIC MORALITY: A COMPARATIVE ANALYSIS BY - TARUNA NAYYAR

Authors: TARUNA NAYYAR
Registration ID: 105829 Published Paper ID: IJLRA5829
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FREEDOM OF PRESS AND RIGHTS OF ACCUSED IN MEDIA TRIAL: COMPARATIVE ANALYSIS OF USA, UK AND INDIA BY - SRISHTI RAJPOOT

Authors: SRISHTI RAJPOOT
Registration ID: 105828 Published Paper ID: IJLRA5828
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DOMESTIC VIOLENCE AND ITS IMPACT ON SOCIETY BY - HIMANSHU

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Registration ID: 105827 Published Paper ID: IJLRA5827
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LAW AND ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE: IMPLICATIONS OF THE PRESENT AND FUTURE BY - YASH CHOUGALE

Authors: YASH CHOUGALE 
Registration ID: 105826 Published Paper ID: IJLRA5826
Year : July -2023 | Volume: II | Issue: 7
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International journal for legal research and analysis

Abbreviation:IJLRA

ISSN:2582-6433

Website:https://www.ijlra.com/

Accessibility:Open Access

License:Creative Commons 4.0

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All research articles published INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL FOR LEGAL RESEARCH AND ANALYSIS are fully open access. i.e. immediately freely available to read, download and share. Articles are published under the terms of a Creative Commons license which permits use, distribution and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.

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The opinions expressed in this publication are those of the authors. They do not purport to reflect the opinions or views of the INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL FOR LEGAL RESEARCH AND ANALYSIS or its members. The designations employed in this publication and the presentation of material therein do not imply the expression of any opinion whatsoever on the part of the INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL FOR LEGAL RESEARCH AND ANALYSIS

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Citation

Citation

[1] Reiner’s, ZD 2015, 51,55; Martini, in: Paal/Pauly, DSGVO, Art 25(2017), rec 45
[2] Patrick O'Kane, GDPR - Fix it Fast: Apply GDPR to Your Company in Ten Simple Steps Kindle Edition. Brentham House Publishing Company Ltd. (12 December 2017)
[3] It Governance Privacy Team. Eu General Data Protection Regulation (Gdpr): An Implementation and Compliance Guide. Itgp; 2nd ed. edition (31 August 2017)
[4] https://digitalguardian.com/blog/what-gdpr-general-data-protection-regulation-understanding-and-complying-gdpr-data-protection Retrieved on 26 April 2018.
[5] Stephen R Massey, The Ultimate GDPR Practitioner Guide: Demystifying Privacy & Data Protection. Fox Red Risk (18 December 2017)
[6] Clader, Alan. Eu Gdpr: A Pocket Guide Paperback. It Governance Ltd; European ed. edition (10 January 2017)
[7] Sagara Gunathunga (Director @WSO2, Technology Evangelist on Identity and Access Management (IAM), Open Source Developer, Committer @ Apache); retrieved from https://medium.com/@sagarag/individuals-rights-under-gdpr-3256fb3f356c on April 27, 2018    
[8] Article 12 - GDPR
[9] Art. 15 GDPR
[10] Art. 16 GDPR
[11] Art. 17 GDPR
[12] Art. 18 GDPR
[13] Art. 19 GDPR
[14] Art. 20 GDPR
[15] Art 21 GDPR
[16] Art 22 GDPR
[17] Ruth Boardman, James Mullock, Ariane Mole; Guide to the General Data Protection Regulation, Bird and Bird, May 2017
[18] Preparing for the EU GDPR: What You Need To Know: James Walker. SC Media 27th April 2018. Retrieved from https://www.scmagazineuk.com/preparing-for-the-eu-gdpr-what-you-need-to-know/article/531492/             
[19] ibid
[20] Preparing for the General Data Protection Regulation (GDPR): 12 steps to take now. Information Commissioner’s Office 27th April 2018. Retreived from https://ico.org.uk/media/1624219/preparing-for-the-gdpr-12-steps.pdf
[21] GENERAL DATA PROTECTION REGULATION (GDPR) – RECITALS 27th April 2018, retrieved from https://gdpr-info.eu/               
[22] PaulDe Hert, Vagelis Papakonstantinou, Gianclaudio Malgieri, Laurent Beslay, Ignacio Sanchez; The right to data portability in the GDPR: Towards user-centric interoperability of digital services, Elsevier Publications, Volume 34, Issue 2, April 2018
[23] Per-Arne Fors: GDPR Compliance – All you need to Know, CreateSpace Independent Publishing Platform, 2018, Pg 35-38
[24] https://www.csoonline.com/article/3202771/data-protection/general-data-protection-regulation-gdpr-requirements-deadlines-and-facts.html-Retrieved on April 26, 2018
[25] Stephen R Massey; The Ultimate GDPR Practitioner Guide: Demystifying Privacy & Data Protection, Fox Red Risk, 2017
[26] Paul Lambert; The Data Protection Officer: Profession, Rules, and Role, Auerbach Publishers, Incorporated, 2016
[27] Ibid

Citation

[1] https://blog.ipleaders.in/legal-complications-recording-musical-work-private/
[2] https://indiankanoon.org/doc/109874394/
[3] Section 52(1)(j) of The Copyright Act, 1957 deals with making the performance of literary, dramatic, or musical works, by staff and students of the institution in the course of activities of an educational institution which is subject to the audience being limited to such staff and students, parents or guardians of students and person connected with the activities of the institution.
[4] https://indiankanoon.org/doc/303252/
[5] https://indiankanoon.org/doc/1013176/

Citation


[1] Section 12(1) of the The Securities and Exchange Board of India Act, 1992
[2] SEBI(Listing Obligations & Disclosure Requirements) Regulation, 2015)
[3] Stuart Haber, W. Scott Stornetta, How to Time-Stamp a Digital Document, published in Journal of Cryptology, 1991. See http://www.staroceans.org/e-book/Haber_Stornetta.pdf (last accessed on 28/06/2023)
[4] Satoshi Nakamoto, Bitcoin: A Peer-to-Peer Electronic Cash System,2019, See https://bitcoin.org/bitcoin.pdf (last accessed on 28/06/2023)
[5] Section 2(h)(i) of The Securities Contracts (Regulation) Act, 1956 “”securities” include—shares, scrips, stocks, bonds, debentures, debenture stock or other marketable securities of a like nature in or of any incorporated company or other body corporate”
[6] M/S Paramount Bio-Tech Industries Ltd vs UOI on 25 November, 2003 (Civil Misc Writ Petition No 51911 of 1999)
[7] SEC v. W.J. Howey Co., 328 U.S. 293 (1946). See https://supreme.justia.com/cases/federal/us/328/293/ (last accessed on 28/06/2023)
[8] Jay B. Sykes, Securities Regulation and Initial Coin Offerings: A Legal Primer, published in Congressional Research Service, 2018. See at https://sgp.fas.org/crs/misc/R45301.pdf(last accessed on 28/06/2023)
[9] Section 11AA of the Securities and Exchange Board of India (SEBI) Act, 1992
[10] See https://www.sebi.gov.in/sebi_data/meetingfiles/mar-2022/1648551129812_1.pdf last accessed on 28/06/2023
[11]Suprita Anupam, 12 Crypto Scams & INR 72,000 Cr+ Lost: Why India’s Probes Into Biggest Crypto Scams Have Failed, 15 Apr 2022. See https://inc42.com/features/12-crypto-scams-inr-72000-cr-lost-why-indias-probes-into-biggest-crypto-scams-have-failed/ (last accessed on 28/06/2023)
[12] ‘Morris coin scam: How were investors cheated of ?1200 crore?’, 20 Jul 2022, See https://www.livemint.com/market/cryptocurrency/morris-coin-scam-how-were-investors-cheated-of-rs-1200-crore-11658325798710.html(last accessed on 28/06/2023)
[13] Aakanksha Chaturvedi, ED seizes assets worth Rs 14 crore in Morris Coin crypto scam, 12 Jul 2022,See https://www.businesstoday.in/crypto/story/ed-seizes-assets-worth-rs-14-crore-in-morris-coin-crypto-scam-341169-2022-07-12 (last accessed on 28/06/2023)
[14]Viraj Gaur, BitConnect: Revisiting the $2.4 Billion Crypto Scam as Founder Flees India, 03 Mar 2022, Seehttps://www.thequint.com/tech-and-auto/tech-news/bitconnect-revisiting-the-24-billion-crypto-scam-as-founder-flees-india (last accessed on 28/06/2023)
[15] BitConnect Founder Indicted in Global $2.4 Billion Cryptocurrency Scheme, 25 Feb, 2022,
See https://www.justice.gov/opa/pr/bitconnect-founder-indicted-global-24-billion-cryptocurrency-scheme (last accessed on 28/06/2023)
[16] Kevin T. Dugan, ‘The Last Fad of the Crypto Bubble Making money by walking seemed too easy. I fell for it anyway’, ‘Intelligencer’ newspaper by New York Magazine, 6 July 2022 see https://nymag.com/intelligencer/2022/07/move-to-earn-the-last-fad-of-the-crypto-bubble.html (last accessed on 28/06/2023)
[17] See https://stepn.com/ (last accessed on 28/06/2023)
[18] See https://coinmarketcap.com/currencies/green-satoshi-token/ (last accessed on 28/06/2023)
[19] Vincenzo Cacioppoli, New StepN partnership with Asics, 20 Aug 2022, See https://en.cryptonomist.ch/2022/08/20/new-stepn-partnership-asics/ (last accessed on 28/06/2023)
[20] Cam Thompson, Run-To-Earn Game StepN Teams With Atlético de Madrid and Crypto Exchange WhaleFin for NFT Sneaker Collection, 18 Aug 2022. Seehttps://www.coindesk.com/business/2022/08/18/run-to-earn-game-stepn-teams-up-with-atletico-de-madrid-and-crypto-exchange-whalefin-for-nft-sneaker-collection/ (last accessed on 28/06/2023)
[21] Binance Labs Makes Strategic Investment in STEPN, 6 April 2022. See https://www.binance.com/en/blog/ecosystem/binance-labs-makes-strategic-investment-in-stepn-421499824684903657 (last accessed on 28/06/2023)
[22] Posted by STEPN, Public Beta Phase VI (stepnofficial).”Growing our user base from a few 1000s to Millions!” 31 Dec 2022, 5:48 p.m. Tweet. See https://twitter.com/stepnofficial/status/1609162114349862913  last accessed on 28/06/2023

Citation


[1] Black’s Law Dictionary (2nd Edition) Co. Litt. 344.
[2] Thompson v. Baker, I41 U. S. 648; Mellen v. Moline, etc., Iron Works, I3I U. S. 352.
[3] Warren v. Marcy, 97 U. S. 96.
[4] Wortley v. Birkhead, 2 Ves. Sr. 57I; Murray v. Ballou, X Johns. Ch. (N. Y.) 566
[5] Bellamy v. Sabine, i De G. & J. 566; Geishaker v. Pancoast, 57 N. J. Fq. 6o.
[6] Balwant Singh v. Buta Ram, 2009 (4) 156 PLR 52 (P&H).
[7] Kedarnath Lal v. Sheonarain Ram, AIR 1957 Pat 408.
[8] DR. R.K. SINHA, TRANSFER OF PROPERTY ACT 199 (19th Ed., 2017).
[9] R. Siddanagouda v. B. Madvivalappa Mulimani, AIR 2002 Kant 96 at 99.
[10]Dev Raj Dogra v. Gyan Chand Jain, AIR 1981 SC 981 at 987.
[11] Ibid
[12] DR. R.K. SINHA, TRANSFER OF PROPERTY ACT 194 (19th Ed., 2017).
[13] G.C.V Subba Rao, Law of Transfer of Property, 6th ed. (2008).
[14] Ibid.
[15] Mulla, “Transfer of Property Act” 17th Ed. (2009)
[16] “Supreme Court on Lis Pendens and Registration of Documents”, Law and Legal Developments
[17] Robert von Moschzisker, “Res Judicata” 38(3) The Yale Law Journal, 299 (1929).
[18] Broom, Legal Maxims, * 327 et seq.
[19] Lockyer v. Ferryman, 519 (1877).
[20] August Reinisch, “The Use and Limits of Res Judicata and Lis Pendens as Procedural Tools to Avoid Conflicting Dispute Settlement Outcomes”, 3(1), Law and Practice of International Courts and Tribunals, 44 (2004)
[21]Digambara Rao Hanumanta Rao Deshpande vs Ranga Rao Reghunatha Rao Desai, (1949) 51 BOMLR 623
[22] Barry J. Rodger, “Forum Non Conveniens Post-Owusu”, 2(1), Journal of Private. International Law, 71 (2006).
[23] LOUIS F. DEL DUCA & GEORGE A. ZAPHIRIOU, “Rules for Declining to Exercise Jurisdiction in Civil and Commercial Matters: Forum Non Conveniens, Lis Pendens”, 42, The American Journal of Comparative Law, 968 (1994).
[24] Ibid. at 969.
[25] Lawrence W. Newman & Michael Burrows, “Practice of International Litigation” 688 2nd ed. (2013).
[26] Thomson Press (India) Ltd. v. Nanak Builders and Investors Pvt. Ltd., AIR 2013 SC 2389.
[27] Darashaw J. Vakil, “Commentaries on Transfer of Property Act” 592, 5th Ed (2017).
[28] Gouri Dutt Maharaj v. Sheikh Sukur Mohammed and Ors. AIR 1948 PC 147.
[29] Jayaram Mudaliar v. Ayyaswami 1972 (2) SCC 200.
[30] Rajender Singh and Ors. v. Santa Singh and Ors AIR 1973 SC 2537.
[31] Lov Raj Kumar v. Dr. Major Daya Shanker and Ors. AIR 1986 Delhi 364.
[32] Hardev Singh v. Gurmail Singh, Civil Appeal No. 6222 of 2000.
[33] T.G. Ashok Kumar v. Govindammal & Anr, Civil Appeal No. 10325 of 2010.

Citation


[1] Drugs and Cosmetics Act, 1940, Section 3(b).
[2] Anindita Deb, Drugs and Cosmetics Act, 1940, iPleaders (Sept. 07, 2022), https://blog.ipleaders.in/drugs-and- cosmetics-act-1940/.
[3] Medical Devices Rules, 2017
[4] Clinical Trial Rules, 2019
[5] Drugs and Cosmetics (Amendment) Rules, 2020
[6] Ministry            of     Health     and     Family     Welfare     published     two     notifications     (Apr.      1,     2020), https://cdsco.gov.in/opencms/opencms/system/modules/CDSCO.WEB/elements/download_file_division.jsp?nu m_id=NTU0OA==                                                                                                                                                                                       ;
https://cdsco.gov.in/opencms/opencms/system/modules/CDSCO.WEB/elements/download_file_division.jsp?nu m_id=NTU0OQ==
[7] Soibam Singh, Two High Courts, two different views on online drugs sale, THE HINDU (Jan. 21, 2019), https://www.thehindu.com/news/cities/Delhi/two-high-courts-two-different-views-on-online-drugs- sale/article26045505.ece
[8] The Tamil Nadu Chemists and Druggists Association v. Union of India and Ors., W.P. No. 28716 of 2018.
[9] Zaheer Ahmed v. Union of India W.P.(C) 11711/2018
[10] Supra at 2.
[11] Supra at 2
[12] A.P. Jayanthi, Koen Beumer, Madhulika Bhati, Sujit Bhattacharya, Nanotechnology: ‘Risk Governance’ in India, Economic and Political Weekly, 2012, Vol. 47, No. 4 (Jan. 28, 2012), pp. 34-40, https://www.jstor.org/stable/41419763.
[13] Draft of the Drugs, Medical Devices and Cosmetics Bill, 2022, https://main.mohfw.gov.in/newshighlights-97
[14] Varsha Rajesh, Darren Punnen, Milind Antani, Draft Drugs, Medical Devices and Cosmetics Bill, 2022: Dawn of a New Era, NDA (Aug. 18, 2022), https://www.nishithdesai.com/SectionCategory/33/Pharma-Healthcare- Update/12/67/PharmaHealthcareUpdate/6264/1.html

Citation

Citation

[1] Indian Express Newspaper v Union of India, 1986 AIR 515
[2] Ibid
[3] Near v. Minnesota, 283 U.S. 697 (1931)
[4] Citizens United v. Federal Election Commission, 558 U.S. 310 (2010)
[5] Branzburg v. Hayes, 408 U.S. 665 (1972)
[6] Romesh Thappar v. State of Madras, AIR 1950 SC 124.
[7] Bennett Coleman & Co. v. Union of India, (1972) 2 SCC 788
[8] Indian Express Newspapers v. Union of India, (1985) 1 SCC 641
[9] Sahara India Real Estate Corporation Ltd. v. SEBI, (2012) 10 SCC 603

Citation

[1] 1 UNICEF (2000), Domestic Violence against Women and Girls, Innnocenti Digest N0. 6, available at http://www.unicef-irc.org/publications/pdf/digest6e.pdf (Visited on 15 March, 2019).
[2] Narwadkar, Dr. Pooja P., Law Relating to Domestic Violence in India
[3] http://www.oxforddictionaries.com/definition/english/violence ( Visited on 19 March, 2019).
[4] 4 World report on violence and health, World Health Organization, 2002.
[5] Jaising Indira, law of Domestic Violence, 9-10, (Universal Law Pub. Co. Pvt. Ltd. Delhi, 2001).
[6] Jaising Indira, law of Domestic Violence, 9-10, (Universal Law Pub. Co. Pvt. Ltd. Delhi, 2001)
[7] Newton C. J. “Domestic Violence: An Overview” FindCounseling.com, Mental Health Journal. February
[8] Dr. Mrs. Annie John, Violence Against Women Need To Awaken The Conscience Of Humanity, 55 (Asia Law House, 2013).
[9] 3 UNICEF (2000), Domestic Violence against Women and Girls, Innnocenti Digest N0. 6, available at http://www.unicef-irc.org/publications/pdf/digest6e.pdf (Visited on 22 March, 2019).
[10] The Protection of Women from Domestic Violence Act, 2005.
[11] Nagpal, Vijay and Singh, K. P., The Protection of Women from Domestic Violence Act 2005 - A Critique, CBI Bulletin, Jan-March, 12 (2007)

Citation

[1] https://royalsocietypublishing.org/doi/pdf/10.1098/rsta.2018.0087
[2] https://www.ijlmh.com |2018 IJLMH | Volume 1, Issue 2 | ISSN: 2581-5369
[3] What is Artificial Intelligence. Available at http://www.aisb.org.uk/public-engagement/what-is-ai
[4] Eastern Book Company v D.B. Modak, 2008 1 SCC 1.
[5] Cowls J, Floridi L. 2018 Prolegomena to a White Paper on an Ethical Framework for a Good AI Society. Working Paper Series. See https://papers.ssrn.com/sol3/papers.cfm?abstract_ id=3198732.
[6] Frank H. Easterbrook, Cyberspace and the Law of the Horse, 1996 U. CHI. LEGAL F. 207, 208 (1996) (“Develop a sound law of intellectual property, then apply it to computer networks.”)
[7] Microsoft, THE FUTURE COMPUTED: ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE AND ITS ROLE IN SOCIETY 28 (2018) https://blogs.microsoft.com/uploads/2018/02/The-Future-Computed_2.8.18.pdf.
[8] David Kelnar, The Fourth Industrial Revolution: A Primer on Artificial Intelligence, MEDIUM (Dec. 2, 2016), https://medium.com/mmc-writes/the-fourth-industrial-revolution-a-primer-on-artificial-intelligence-
aiff5e7fffcae1 (“All machine learning is AI, but not all AI is machine learning.”). There are more than 15 approaches to machine learning, each of which uses a different algorithmic structure to optimize predictions based on the data received. Id. For a more nuanced description of machine learning, see Ben Buchanan and Taylor Miller, Machine Learning for Policymakers, Belfer Center (June 2017)
https://www.belfercenter.org/sites/default/files/files/publication/MachineLearningforPolicymakers.pdf.
[9] See BULK COLLECTION: SYSTEMATIC GOVERNMENT ACCESS TO PRIVATE SECTOR DATA (Fred H. Cate & James X. Dempsey, eds., Oxford 2017).
[10] Tathagata Chakraborti et al., The Emerging Landscape of Explainable AI Planning and Decision Making (02/26/2020), https://deepai.org/publication/the-emerging-landscape-of-explainable-ai-planning-anddecision- making.
[11] William D. Eggers et al., AI-Augmented Government: Using Cognitive Technologies to Redesign Public Sector Work, DELOITTE INSIGHTS (Apr. 26, 2017), https://www2.deloitte.com/insights/us/en/focus/cognitive-
technologies/artificial-intelligencegovernment.html [https://perma.cc/4VLZ-8485].
[12] Kate Crawford and Trevor Paglen, Excavating AI: The Politics of Training Sets for Machine Learning (Sept. 19, 2019) https://excavating.ai. See Will Knight, AI Is Biased: Here’s How Scientists Are Trying to Fix It, WIRED(Dec. 19, 2019), https://www.wired.com/story/ai-biased-how-scientists-trying-fix.
[13] See, e.g., Peter Swire, The Golden Age of Surveillance, SLATE (July 15, 2015),
http://www.slate.com/articles/technology/future_tense/2015/07/encryption_back_doors_aren_t_necessary_ we_re_already_in_a_golden_age_of.html
[14] See Quinn Emanuel Trial Lawyers, Artificial Intelligence Litigation: Can the Law Keep Pace with the Rise of the Machines (2018), https://www.quinnemanuel.com/the-firm/publications/article-december-2016- artificial-
intelligence-litigation-can-the-law-keep-pace-with-the-rise-of-the-machines/\
[15] Matthew U. Scherer, Regulating Artificial Intelligence Systems: Risks, Challenges, Competencies, and Strategies, 29 HARV. J. LAW & TECH. 353 (2016).
[16] See Report to the European Parliament, with Recommendations to the Commission on Civil Law Rules on Robotics, from the Committee on Legal Affairs, Mady Delvaux, Rapporteur (Jan. 1, 2017)
http://www.europarl.europa.eu/sides/getDoc.do?pubRef=-//EP//NONSGML+REPORT+A8-2017-
0005+0+DOC+PDF+V0//EN. For more on the current EU landscape around liability and ethics of AI, see Nathalie Nevejans, European Civil Law Rules in Robotics (Oct. 2016), published by the Directorate-General for Internal Policies, http://www.europarl.europa.eu/RegData/etudes/STUD/2016/571379/IPOL_STU(2016)571379_EN.pdf.
[17] Michael Kushner, To Pay or Not to Pay: Free Legal Services at the Push of a Button, JETLAW (Oct. 15, 2018), http://www.jetlaw.org/2018/10/15/to-pay-or-not-to-pay-free-legal-services-at-the-pushof-a-button/[https://perma.cc/AG94-YR2A].
[18] See generally Omer Tene & Jules Polonetsky, Taming the Golem: Challenges of Ethical Algorithmic Decision- Making, 19 N.C. J. L. & TECH. 125 (2017).
[19] Nick Wallace & Dan Castro, The Impact of the EU’s New Data Protection Regulation on AI, INFORMATION TECH. & INNOVATION FOUNDATION (Mar. 26, 2018), https://itif.org/publications/2018/03/26/impact-eu- newdata-protection-regulation-ai.
[20] Richardson, Schultz and Southerland, Litigating Algorithms 2019 US Report: New Challenges to Government Use of Algorithmic Decision Systems (AI Now Institute, Sept. 2019)
https://ainowinstitute.org/litigatingalgorithms-2019-us.pdf
[21] See generally DANIELLE KEHL ET AL., ALGORITHMS IN THE CRIMINAL JUSTICE SYSTEM: ASSESSING THE USE
OF RISK ASSESSMENTS IN SENTENCING (2017), https://dash.harvard.edu/bitstream/handle/1/33746041/2017- 07_responsivecommunities_2.pdf?sequence=1&isAllowed=y [https://perma.cc/U6UC-8MCL] (analyzing and applying trends to the recent use of artificial intelligence in the courtroom).
[22] See Jonathan Howard, A Big Data Cheat Sheet: From Narrow AI to General AI, MEDIUM (May 23, 2017), https://blog.statsbot.co/3-types-of-artificial-intelligence-4fb7df20fdd8.
[23] Ian R. Kerr, Ensuring the Success of Contract Formation in Agent-Mediated Electronic Commerce, 1 ELEC. COMMERCE RESEARCH 183 (2001).
[24] https://www.cambridge.org/core/books/abs/cambridge-handbook-of-artificial-intelligence/ai-and-the- law/C45826DDDB813CDA3DB319071387D165
[25] See Peter Voss, From Narrow to General AI, MEDIUM (Oct. 3, 2017),
https://medium.com/intuitionmachine/from-narrow-to-general-ai-e21b568155b9.
[26] Ben Dickson, What is Narrow, General, and Super Artificial Intelligence, TECHTALKS (May 12, 2017)
https://bdtechtalks.com/2017/05/12/what-is-narrow-general-and-super-artificial-intelligence/ (“Narrow AI is the only form of Artificial Intelligence that humanity has achieved so far.”)
[27] McKinsey Global Institute, Jobs Lost, Jobs Gained: Workforce Transitions in a Time of Automation (December 2017).
[28] See Statement from FDA Commissioner Scott Gottlieb, M.D. on steps toward a new, tailored review framework for artificial intelligence-based medical devices (April 2, 2019)
https://www.fda.gov/NewsEvents/Newsroom/PressAnnouncements/ucm635083.htm.
[29] In February 2019,the AMA Journal of Ethics devoted its entire issue to AI. https://journalofethics.amaassn.org/issue/artificial-intelligence-health-care.
[30] https://health.economictimes.indiatimes.com/news/industry/artificial-intelligence-in-healthcare- applications-and-legal-implications/66690368
[31] FDA, Proposed Regulatory Framework for Modifications to Artificial Intelligence/Machine Learning (AI/ML)-
Based Software as a Medical Device: Discussion Paper and Request for Feedback
https://www.fda.gov/downloads/MedicalDevices/DigitalHealth/SoftwareasaMedicalDevice/UCM635052.pd
[32] Paul Triolo, Elsa Kania, & Graham Webster, Chinese Government Outlines AI Ambitions Through 2020, NEW AM. (Jan. 26, 2018), https://www.newamerica.org/cybersecurity-initiative/digichina/blog/translationchinese- government-outlines-ai-ambitions-through-2020/.
[33] Fairness, Accountability, and Transparency in Machine Learning, https://www.fatml.org/.
[34] Elizabeth E. Joh, Artificial Intelligence and Policing: First Questions, 41 SEATTLE UNIV. L. REV. 1139 (2018), https://ssrn.com/abstract=3168779. See also Christopher Rigano, Using Artificial Intelligence to Address
Criminal Justice Needs, National Institute of Justice (Oct. 8, 2018) (discussing NIJ support for AI research infour areas: video and image analysis, DNA analysis, gunshot detection, and crime forecasting)
https://www.nij.gov/journals/280/Pages/using-artificial-intelligence-to-address-criminal-justice-needs.aspx
[35] Jessica Cussins Newman, DECISION POINTS IN AI GOVERNANCE (May 2020) https://cltc.berkeley.edu/wp- content/uploads/2020/05/Decision_Points_AI_Governance.pdf
[36] David Gunning, Explainable Artificial Intelligence, Defense Advanced Research Projects Agency, https://www.darpa.mil/program/explainable-artificial-intelligence.
[37] See Karen Yeung, Andrew Howes, and Ganna Pogrebna, AI Governance by Human Rights-Centered Design, Deliberation and Oversight: An End to Ethics Washing (June 21, 2019), in M. Dubber and F. Pasquale (eds.) THE OXFORD HANDBOOK OF AI ETHICS (2019) https://papers.ssrn.com/sol3/papers.cfm?abstract_id=3435011; Karen Hao, In 2020, let’s stop AI ethicswashing and actually do something, TECHNOLOGY REVIEW (Dec. 27, 2019)
[38] See Jeffrey K. Gurney, Crashing Into The Unknown: An Examination Of Crash-Optimization Algorithms Through The Two Lanes Of Ethics And Law, 79 ALB. L. REV. 183, 242 (2016).
[39] Section 43A provides for the protection of sensitive personal data or information (‘SPDI’) and section 72A protects personal information from unlawful disclosure in breach of contract
[40] 40 See Preamble of Information Technology Act 2000; Today India has jumped to 10th position in the cyber security index released by ITU due to its stringent measures on privacy protection policy. But still, India is
grappling to bring robust data protection law. As in 2019 it has tabled data protection bill in parliament to deal with the issue of data privacy issues put forwarded by AI and other applications. To cover the risk attached to data protection vulnerability, on the recommendation of Sri Krishna Committee Report which has highlighted fair use of data principle in digital economy . Thus, above-mentioned law is primarily operating to take care of digital governance and privacy-related issues on an online platform which also takes into account the issues of AI
[41] Notification dated, the 25th February 2021 G.S.R. 139(E): the Information Technology (Intermediary Guidelines and Digital Media Ethics Code) Rules, 2021

Citation 2

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IJLRA N. Raj Kumar ; Kamble Shivadayal . "Design of Fault Tolerance Parallel FFT’s Using Xilinx 14.5v" Iconic Research And Engineering Journals Volume 5 Issue 8 2022 Page 1-6
IEEE N. Raj Kumar ; Kamble Shivadayal . "Design of Fault Tolerance Parallel FFT’s Using Xilinx 14.5v" Iconic Research And Engineering Journals, 5(8)
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